The site was an old sheep ranch on the barren and windswept Mendocino coast of northern California, which had been obtained in the early 1960s. Esherick, Homsey, Dodge and Davis (EHDD) collaborated in overall planning and design of the development, and was given the specific task of designing a cluster of demonstration houses and a general store..
Esherick, Homsey, Dodge, & Davissssssssss
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1992 Esherick, Homsey, Dodge, & Davissssss
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development of this community, the demonstration houses are designed as cluster houses, with a simple shed roof shape that is adapted to the strong cool prevailing winds of the area. The repetition of these roofs from house to house creates a "wind
Intended to set a precedent for the development of this community, the demonstration houses are designed as cluster houses, with a simple shed roof shape that is adapted to the strong cool prevailing winds of the area. The repetition of these roofs from house to house creates a "wind wave" effect that provides reasonable comfort in the lee of each building. The outdoor living spaces -- an integral part of the houses -- were placed in these lees, providing comfortable, sheltered spaces. The tall south walls of each house have many windows to help capture the sun and warm the interior.
By designing an energy efficient house, an architect can your reduce fuel costs.....er on.
step5
An architect can coordinate engineering and design services, handle zoning laws and building codes, help find a contractor, and visit the site to verify that the building is proceeding according to plans...ans..ans.ns..s. plans.s.s..ding according to plans.......ording to plans.
step4
By designing well, an architect can make resale easier.for your
step3
By helping you choose durable, beautiful materials and wood workmanship at reason-able prices, an architect may reduce maintenance costs and increase resale value........
step1
By providing explicit direction through plans and materials, an architect takes the guesswork out of estimating construction costs. This allows for fair competitive bidding among contractors and eliminates their need to set higher prices to cover unknowns....
$$
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The Role of the Architect
Architects interpret the homeowner's needs and translate them into three-dimensional form. They solve problems of art and engineering, stay abreast of new materials and techniques, and can save you money.
The right architect for you will work within your budget and tastes to design a house that suits your living patterns and needs. Your job is to know those needs and living patterns, to be clear about your budget and tastes, and to be ready for a new perspective.
How can spending money on an architect help you save money on a house?
le, small houses go through as they repeatedly readapt themselves to new lifestyles. This 1875 Low Victorian worker house is full of the spirits of past dwellers; growing families and individuals who have changed its interiors time and time again.
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1992 Leonard J. Wyeth (Photographer)
Centerbrook Architects
Wyeth House
There is something healthy and delightful about the changes simple, small houses go through as they are repeatedly readapted to new lifestyles. This 1875 Low Victorian worker house is full of the spirits of past dwellers: growing families and individuals who have changed its interiors time and time again.
This time, the house was gutted..as gutted.
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First Floor Second Floorrrrrr
Second Floor
Rob Wellington Quigleyyyyyyyy, FAIA
The house contains 700 sq. ft. on each level. The complete cost, including the detached garage, was $97,000.
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Architect Lisa Heschong suggests that there are two basic types of houses generated by a purely environmental concern for heating or cooling: the hearth and the garden types. The hearth form is a heating strategy, while the garden form is a cooling strategy.
Different cultures have produced a great variety of local subtypes of the hearth and garden. These diagrams show Heschong's types without any cultural embellishment, while the following examples by contemporary architects are culturally interpreted.
e, cultural conditions change as new groups of immigrants move in or the nature of times and the place itself affects how people live. History, as Norberg-Schultz points out, literally "takes place." Environmental conditions change because of the impact of people upon the place -- witness the total ecological transformation of Manhattan Island over the last 250 years.
Even if the conditions leading to types of houses change, knowledge of those types can guide us in solving current problems. A regional approach to building is always an environmental approach..
Hearth type house
Garden type house
The Value of Typesn
The Value of Typesn
:PHYSSIZE
:PHYSSIZE
Owner-Builder Schools
Welcome to school!.
Owner-builder schools offer a variety of courses and seminars on designing and building your own home. If you want to be deeply involved in the planning or con-
struction of your home, or to learn more
about what's involved before you sign on
to the total undertaking, a homebuilding course is a good choice.
Some schools offer consulting services, and most teach building techniques that fit their region of the country. For some people, being the designer and builder is a money-saver. For others, a building course is an intensive and satisfying vacation, just as the actual design and building of their homes is a gratifying long term project.
is information about eight schools. A perusal of the yellow pages or a call to the closest college or community college may turn up more schools or classes.
:PHYSSIZE
Courtesy Shelter Institute, Bath, Maine
Owner-Builder Schools
Welcome to school!.
Courtesy Shelter Institute, Bath, Maine
:PHYSSIZE
Here is information about eight owner-builder schools. A perusal of the Yellow Pages or a call to the closest community college may turn up more schools or classes.
Owner-Builder Schools
P.O. Box 153
Bosque, NM 87006
(505) 252-1382 or (505) 864-099666 252-1382 or (505) 864-0996
:PHYSSIZE
Southwest Solaradobe School
Our specialty is Earthen construction and our courses are taught by experienced, licensed people who make their living building with traditional Adobe, Solaradobe and Rammed Earth....Today, most of us are tied to a system that provides short range house life and long range mortgages. We invite you to consider other approaches that can reduce or eliminate your obligations.
---Sout
Courtesy Southwest Solaradobe School
Our specialty is Earthen construction and our courses are taught by experienced, licensed people who make their living building with traditional Adobe, Solaradobe and Rammed Earth....Today, most of us are tied to a system that provides short range house life and long range mortgages. We invite you to consider other approaches that can reduce or eliminate your obligations.
---Southwest Solaradobe brochure
Diagramming Relationships
It may be helpful for you to diagram the human relationships which the
spatial organization of your house must serve. This exercise is most effective
if you make no attempt to think about the quality of space or rooms, but focus upon human relationships instead.
Such diagrams are pre-architectural -- the intent of making them is to
question the structure of desired family relationships before you get hung
up on making architecture..
Diagramming Relationships
136 -- di suffix
Here are two examples of family structure, one real and one fictional. The Rivera/Kahlo House in Mexico City was built in the late 1930's. The Brady Bunch lived on a television stage set in the 1970's. The diagrams generate meaning through the scale of the bubbles and the paths between them. __ FIX THIS!!
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Wyeth House
wall as it flows through a series of high-reaching spaces. Individual rooms for living are more intimate with clearly defined lower ceilings. The
:PHYSSIZE
1992 Nick Wheeler (Photographer)
Centerbrook Architects
The renewed interior is organized around the main path through the house. This path is defined by a two-story veneer plastered serpentine wall as it flows through a series of high-reaching spaces. Individual rooms for living are more intimate with clearly defined lower ceilings. The overscaled curving wall gives a sense of size and grandeur, surprising inside such a small frame. Rooms have a symmetry, controlled light and organization while the path flows in a less rigid and more natural way.
Still Victorian on the exterior, the house sits on the side of a gentle slope among tall natural stone outcroppings. Overlooking its small New England town, it is surrounded by a variety of mature oak, hickory and maple.
The house is entered through a thick stucco wall which houses the boat-like bedrooms, bathrooms, and storage. The combination of the thick walls acting as blinders to the east and west, the grand concrete stair, and the large opening to the lake, creates a dramatic room for viewing the natural setting.
1992 Lake/Flato Architects, Inc.
Canyon Lake House
The house site is a narrow strip of wooded hillside on the northern shore of a central Texas lake. The only drawback to the beautiful site was the close proximity to houses on the east and west.
Lake/Flato Architects, Inc.sss
:PHYSSIZE
Canyon Lake House
J " G
High Style
:PHYSSIZE
:PHYSSIZE
:PHYSSIZE
Canyon Lake House
:PHYSSIZE
1992 Lake/Flato Architectsss
The house is entered through a thick stucco wall which houses the boat-like bedrooms, bathrooms, and storage. The combination of the thick walls acting as blinders to the east and west, the grand concrete stair, and the large opening to the lake, creates a dramatic roo
courses and provides some building tips as well. Texas veterans take classes free.
Offerings --
Housebuilding -- 42 class hours
Remodeling -- 33 class hours
Cabinet Making -- 30 class hours
Numerous and varied workshops
Owner Builder Center
Scarborough Campus
4141 Costa Rica
Houston, TX 77092
(713) 956-1178
:PHYSSIZE
Courtesy Owner Builder Center
The conventions of language and architecture are created by societies to minimize confusion. We're all familiar with terms like "living room," "dining room," and "kitchen" --- they allow us to talk about the parts of a house without having to laboriously describe the quality and function of each space. They are conventions of both language and patterns of living. Every once in a while, new conventions appear -- like the "rumpus room" or "den" -- which attempt to describe new patterns of living.
Language is always trying to catch up with behavior and architecture. But the conventions of language can limit what we attempt to describe, just as the conventions -- or typologies -- of architecture can limit how we would like to live.
You may identify strongly with the values you associated with a 19th century house, but it's a safe bet you'd move the kitchen out of the basement and the bathroom indoors, insulate the walls, and so on.thical and presumably simpler time.
You may identify strongly with the values you associated with a 19th century house, but it's a safe bet you'd move the kitchen out of the basement and the bathroom indoors, insulate the walls, and so on.
:PHYSSIZE
separated from the conditions which created it. It may, in fact, only reflect nostalgia for some mythical and presumably simpler time.
The more you depart from the wisdom of traditional regional house types, the more important design knowledge becomes. It can help you invent a new house form that suits your needs and site and avoids unintended conflict with the cultural or natural environment.
Even authentic regional house forms involve complex issues of history and technology. Tra-ditional house designs responded to the cultural and environmental conditions of a certain place and time.
The more a historic type is translated into the construction and living conventions of today, the more it is separated from the conditions which created it. It may, in fact, only reflect nostalgia for some mythical and presumably simpler time.
identify strongly with the values you associated with a 19th century house, but it's a safe bet you'd move the kitchen out of the basement and the bathroom indoors, insulate the walls, and so on.
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The Value of Design Knowledge
These drawings show how the scale of chimneys, roof eaves, and founda-tion have changed from 1781 to today. Unfortunately, drawings cannot convey how vinyl siding and snap-in window mullions affect the material feeling of the new "Colonial." Weatherboards
and true divided lites were responses to environment, technology, and culture.
today. Unfortunately, drawings cannot convey how vinyl siding and snap-in window mullions affect the material feeling of the new "Colonial." Weatherboards and the small leaded glass panes were responses to environment, technology, and culture.
We can definitely learn from regional house types and simulate them carefully [FMI icon], but our aim is for a living connectedness to the natural environment.
The [audio button] will give you Louise Kahn's thoughts on how the architect's design knowledge can help articulate the difference between house, a house, and home.
The Value of Design Knowledge
The Value of Design Knowledge
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Isaac Parsons House, New Gloucester, Maine, 1871
add definitions for these two terms
Jim Locke in The Well-Built House adds his perspective as a builder:
ll bu
The Role of the Architect
If all builders were competent, architects could present them with complete plans and specifications, and expect a literal translation into sticks and bricks. If architects always designed buildable projects, predicted costs realistically, and didn't tread on builders' tender toes, the client wouldn't have to cope with the mutual intransigence. And you may well not, depending on the individuals concerned.
Locke adds that showing respect for both builder and architect offers the best chance for them to respect each other. "Hire the builder to manage and build, and the architect to design and specify. Ask the architect to be available for consultations with the builder."
How do you work with an architect?
Possible change: pull to previous page. Have quote and last para on this page as audio button.
The Oxley house is a one room residence for a retired single woman. Utility rooms and separate guest quarters occupy the ground level below. A lath house on the south with movable shades will filter the summer sun and allow for direct gain passive heating in the winter.
Oxley House
High Style
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Oxley House
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1992 Rob Wellington Quigley (both)
High Style
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Oxley House
Oxley House
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First Floor Second Floorrrrrr
Second Floor
Rob Wellington Quigleyyyyyyyy, FAIA
The house contains 700 sq. ft. on each level. The complete cost, including the detached garage, was $97,000.
High Style
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Oxley House
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First Floor Second Floorrrrrr
Second Floor
Rob Wellington Quigleyyyyyyyy, FAIA
The house contains 700 sq. ft. on each level. The complete cost, including the detached garage, was $97,000.
High Style
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Oxley House
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Rob Wellington Quigleyyyyyyyy, FAIA
Oxley House
High Style
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1992 Rob Wellington Quigley (Both)
Oxley House
Oxley House
High Style
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Project:
Architects:
Photographer:
Text:
The Oxley House
Rob Wellington Quigley, FAIA
434 W. Cedar
San Diego, CA 92101
Rob Wellington Quigley
Rob Wellington Quigley
Oxley House
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Credits: - - ---------
Oxley House
High Style
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HS_Wyeth
Wyeth House
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1992 Nick Wheeler (Photographer)
Centerbrook Architects
High Style
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Wyeth House
High Style
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1992 Leonard J. Wyeth (Photographer)
Centerbrook Architects
Wyeth House
There is something healthy and delightful about the changes simple, small houses go through as they are repeatedly readapted to new lifestyles. This 1875 Low Victorian worker house is full of the spirits of past dwellers: growing families and individuals who have changed its interiors time and time again.
This time, the house was gutted..as gutted.
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Centerbrook ArchitectsQ
First Floor Existing
Wyeth House
High Style
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Second Floor Existing
Wyeth House
Canyon Lake House
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The main room is designed for all seasons. During the warm months, with the doors open, the house functions as a large screened pavilion oriented to the cool prevailing breezes. The central cupola and the upper interior shutters enhance the natural ventilation process. In the cold months when the glass doors are closed, the tall shallow configuration of the screened bay window provides warm southern exposure to the room.
During both seasons the lake remains the dominant feature in the one room house.
1992 Lake/Flato Architects, Inc.
High Style
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Canyon Lake House
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Second Floor (After)
Centerbrook Architects
High Style
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Wyeth House
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First Floor (After)
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Wyeth House
Wyeth House
High Style
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1992 Nick Wheeler (Photographer)
Centerbrook Architects
The renewed interior is organized around the main path through the house. This path is defined by a two-story veneer plastered serpentine wall as it flows through a series of high-reaching spaces. Individual rooms for living are more intimate with clearly defined lower ceilings. The overscaled curving wall gives a sense of size and grandeur, surprising inside such a small frame. Rooms have a symmetry, controlled light and organization while the path flows in a less rigid and more natural way.
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Wyeth House
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1992 Nick Wheeler (Photographer)
Centerbrook Architects
Rooms have a symmetry, controlled light and organization while the path flows in a less rigid and more natural way.
The new work is restructured in wood framing to allow both renovated floors to rest upon new foundations independent of the existing shell. Stress and settlement are controlled to allow stable and flat floors throughout.
Wyeth House
High Style
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Still Victorian on the exterior, the house sits on the side of a gentle slope among tall natural stone outcroppings. Overlooking its small New England town, it is surrounded by a variety of mature oak, hickory and maple.
Wyeth House
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Centerbrook Architects
Wyeth House
Wyeth House
High Style
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Project:
Architects:
Photographers:
Text:
Wyeth House
Ivoryton, Connecticut
Susan E. Wyeth, AIA and Leonard J. Wyeth, AIA of Centerbrook
Essex, Connecticut
Nick Wheeler, Weston, Massachusetts
Leonard J. Wyeth
Centerbrook Architects
Wyeth House
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Credits: - - ---------
Wyeth House
High Style
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Project:
Architects:
Photographers:
Text:
The Sea Ranch
Sonoma County, California
Esherick Homsey Dodge and Davis (EHDD)
The Sea Ranch
Sonoma County, California
Esherick Homsey Dodge and Davis (EHDD)
2789 25th Street, 3rd Floor
San Francisco, CA 94110-3597
Credits: - - ---------
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High Style
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Credits: - - ---------
Sea Ranch
The site was an old sheep ranch on the barren and windswept Mendocino coast of northern California, which had been obtained in the early 1960s. Esherick, Homsey, Dodge and Davis (EHDD) collaborated in overall planning and design of the development, and was given the specific task of designing a cluster of demonstration houses and a general store..
Intended to set a precedent for the development of this community, the demonstration houses are designed as cluster houses, with a simple shed roof shape that is adapted to the strong cool prevailing winds of the area. The repetition of these roofs from house to house creates a "wind wave" effect that provides reasonable comfort in the lee of each building. The outdoor living spaces -- an integral part of the houses -- were placed in these lees, providing comfortable, sheltered spaces. The tall south walls of each house have many windows to help capture the sun and warm the interior.
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Sea Ranch
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What has made the Sea Ranch so successful architecturally was the sensitivity to the history, climate, and landforms of the place. These first demonstration houses and the store, were designed to fit seamlessly with the landscape and have been widely acclaimed for their ecologically sound architecture..
1992 Esherick, Homsey, Dodge, & Davissssss
Sea Ranch
High Style
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HS_Ox
Oxley House
Oxley House
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Sea Ranch
1992 Rob Wellington Quigley, FAIA
High Style
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Oxley House
The American dream remains the detached single family house. This little house explores that dream in today's economic reality.
As suggested above, historical styles could be combined in any fashion that suited the architect or client. His
blank for additional pics
Historic Plan Types
The Place of Style
Architectural styles are convenient, if imperfect, labels to categorize buildings that share certain characteristics.
Many factors besides fashion or style enter
into building design in any historic period -- culture, tradition, environment, availability of materials, and advances in technology. Since
the balanced influence of all these factors is
most apparent in the Colonial Period, we begin our review at that time, region by region.
Following the Colonial Period, advances in technology and communication produced an increasingly homogenous culture. The distinct ional differences of climate and culture, so well expressed in the early architecture of the colonies, gradually faded. By the end of the 19th century, fashion became the single most important factor in house design. Architecture had become liberated from the constraints of classicism on the one hand, and from the reality of the environment on the other.
regional differences of climate and culture, so well expressed in the early architecture of the colonies, gradually faded. By the end of the 19th century, fashion became the single most important factor in house design. Architecture was liberated from the constraints of classicism on the one hand, and from the reality of the environment on the other.
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System
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Construction Techniquesetruction Technique
Tectonics""
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The materials and tools with which we build, make the house -- both physically and poetically. Living in a wooden house in the desert should feel as dislocating as living in an adobe house in New England.
The materials which form our spaces will influence how those spaces are made, and in turn will influence the character of activity which takes place within them.
lationship between materials, technology and art is captured in the term tektonik as defined by the historian Stanford Anderson:
'Tektonik' referred not to the activity of making the
materially requisite construction ... but rather to the
activity that raises this construction to an art form ....
The functionally adequate form must be adapted so
as to give expression to its function. The sense of
bearing provided by the entasis of Greek columns
became the touchstone of this concept of tektonik. [FN]
Courtesy Steven Moore
Adobe house detail -- Taos, New Mexicooo
Earth-Sheltered Houses
Sod houses provide an historical antecedent to the earth-sheltered houses of recent times. Many sod houses were built into an embankment in a manner similar to modern earth-sheltered structures. The latter came into more accepted use as a result of the energy crisis. The benefits of an earth-sheltered home include energy conservation and protection from the elements due to the insulating value of an earth embankment on the weather side and the fact that advantage is taken of the natural topography.
You'll notice in this picture that good design can solve problems of sunlight.
Construction Techniquesaruction Technique
picture???
As a consequence, architecture grew increasingly homogenous, with houses from Maine to California built from the same plans.
At the same time, the imaginations and design skills of local architects and builders ensured
that examples of Victorian architecture that surprise and delight can be found in most communities.
Another significant change in this period is
the departure from traditional floor plans. The increasingly picturesque character of the do-mestic architecture was particularly suited to more freely designed and open floor plans,
such as the Living Hall Plan.an.. Hall Plan.?
Audio
Late Victorian Period (1880-1900)
Determinants of Form
Historic styles are limited to the aesthetic and cultural determinants of form which are imposed upon technology and plans.
There are certainly other categories of houses we could invent to illustrate other variable of design. But enough is enough. These three are the primary determinants of form in traditional houses for you to consider as you design your own house..........nt to illustrate other variable of design. But enough is enough. These three are the primary determinants of form in traditional houses for you to consider as you design your own house.
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Greek Revival style
Construction Techniquesetruction Technique
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Sketch of entasis
Historic Plan Types
Early National Period (1790-1850)
Federal Stylee
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Needs caption
Historic Plan Types
In 1798, Asher Benjamin wrote the first pattern book published in the country. The popularity of this and later books indicates the decline of regional characteristics in house building and the emergence of a desire to create a uniform national style of architecture which would represent the cultural aspirations of the young nation.
Benjamin's "model homes" promoted what is commonly known as the Federal Style, which was popular from about 1790 until the 1830's. It is also known as the Adamsesque Style, which is probably more accurate as it orginated in england in the work of the Adams brothers.
Early National Period (1790-1850)
Federal Stylee
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The chief characteristic of this style is the delicacy and small scale of the orna-ment which, like the Georgian, derived from classi-cal architecture. Georgian moldings, however, are typically larger with very bold profiles. Thus, it is the scale of the ornament that pro-vides the quickest way to distinguish between the two styles.
The Greek war for independence in the 1820s created a new American passion
for things Greek as an emblem of ancient
demo-cratic ideals. Building houses in the
form of Greek temples was the most obvious manifestation of this popular fashion. Since most people could not afford a portico with columns on the front of their house, a full pediment on the gable end of the principle facade was a more common feature of this style.
The Greek Revival may have led to an in-crease in the popularity of the side hall, back hall, and L-shaped plans. Although classical
in derivation, as was the Federal style which preceded it, ornamentation tended to be larger and bolder, as with the less complex motifs used in ancient Greece. Greece.
Early National Period (1790-1850)
Historic Plan Types
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k alike." [FN]
Historic Plan Types
Other Picturesque Motifs (1876-1895)
Historical styles were combined in any fashion that suited the architect or client. Historians have attempted to employ other stylistic terms, such as "Eastlake." Examples given under this term could just as easily be classified as Queen Anne, Stick Style, or, more typically, elements of both. The important point is that large houses with abundant ornamentation were possible because of advances in woodworking machinery.
The design of this ornamentation was limited only by the imagination of the designer, and in-cluded porch posts and balusters, window and cornice trim, and shingles cut in a variety of patterns combined with clapboards or other types of novelty siding.y of patterns combined with clapboards or other types of novelty siding.
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Historic Plan Types
The Prairie Style
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Caption
Historic Plan Types
Renaissance Style (1885-1920)
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We have included this information about categories of houses based on construction techniques to clarify how the tektonik sense of builders has influenced house types. Where these types of construction are particular to a place, they are identified in the Ecoregions and Architecture section of Complete House.
The client wanted a weekend house that could sleep as many people as her limited budget would allow. She also wanted to take advantage of the lake view while being unaware of her neighbors.
Canyon Lake House
:PHYSSIZE
1992 Lake/Flato Architects, Inc.
Canyon Lake House
High Style
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Canyon Lake House
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Upper Level Plan
Ground Level Plan
The solution is a one room house which works simultaneously as a grand entry hall, a screened pavilion, and a large living-dining-kitchen room.
Lake/Flato Architects, Inc.sss
Canyon Lake House
High Style
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:PHYSSIZE
Canyon Lake House
:PHYSSIZE
The house is entered through a thick stucco wall which houses the boat-like bedrooms, bathrooms, and storage. The combination of the thick walls acting as blinders to the east and west, the grand concrete stair, and the large opening to the lake, creates a dramatic room for viewing the natural setting.
1992 Lake/Flato Architects, Inc.
Canyon Lake House
High Style
:PHYSSIZE
:PHYSSIZE
Canyon Lake House
:PHYSSIZE
1992 Lake/Flato Architects, Inc. (Both)
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High Style
:PHYSSIZE
:PHYSSIZE
Canyon Lake House
HS_SR
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Sea Ranch
1992 Esherick, Homsey, Dodge, & Davisss
High Style
:PHYSSIZE
:PHYSSIZE
4md1hs2Path
"HS_McKimlast"
buttonUp
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HS_McKimlast
md1hs2Path
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Ground level
Upper levels
Main room and
exterior
Inside thick walls
Canyon Lake House
Concrete floors
Painted plywood floor
Stucco walls
Gypsum board walls
Corrugated metal roofrugated metal roofs
Corrugated metal roofted metal roofted metal roofffffmetal roof